BIOCHEMISTRY
Scope and importance of Biochemistry.
Carbohydrates: Classification, chemistry and properties of monosaccharides
(Ribose, Glucose, Fructose), disaccharides (maltose, lactose, sucrose) and
polysaccharides (homopolysaccharides and heteropolysaccharides). Metabolism of
carbohydrates : Glycolysis, TCA cycle, electron transport and oxidative
phosphorylation, HMP shunt pathway, Glycogenesis and Glycogenolysis.
Proteins and amino acids: Classification and properties of aminoacids and
proteins, peptide bond, chemical synthesis of peptides and Solid-phase peptide
synthesis. Structural organization of proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and
quaternary structure of proteins, denaturation of proteins.
Lipids: Classification, structure and physiological functions of triglycerides,
fattyacids, phospholipids, cerebrosides, gangliosides and cholestrol. Digestion and
absorption of fats, biosynthesis and degradation of fattyacids and triglycerides.
Nucleic acids: Structure and properties of purines and pyrimidine bases,
nucleosides, nucleotides, cellular localization, isolation and estimation of nucleic
acids. Types of nucleicacids, double helical structure of DNA, types of RNA.
Biosynthesis and catabolism of purines and pyramidines.
Enzymes: Introduction, nomenclature and classification of enzymes, kinetic
properties of enzymes, factors affecting enzyme action, coenzymes. Enzyme
inhibition- competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibitions.
Porphyrins: Chemistry of haemoglobin and chlorophyll; syntheis of heme and
chlorophyll andheme catabolism.
Vitamins and harmones: definition, classification, chemistry, source, functions
and deficiency of vitamins. Out lines of harmones and their functions.
Text Books:
1. Fundamentals of Biochemistry – J.L.Jain, S.Chand & company Ltd, New
Delhi.
2. Principles of Biochemistry- Lehninger, Nelson and Cox
CBS Publications.
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